# PlantWatch AI

> PlantWatch AI is a free AI plant disease diagnosis tool and plant pathology knowledge base. Users upload a photo of a leaf or plant and receive the species, the disease, its cause, a treatment plan (including recommended fungicides, bactericides and organic options) and prevention steps in seconds, with a voice reader and translation into many languages. The site also publishes a disease library, treatment guides, a crop/plant growing library, an educational blog and free exam-prep notes for Botany, Agricultural Science, Plant Biology and Plant Pathology students.

Key facts:
- Website: https://plantwatchai.uk
- Audience: farmers, gardeners, agronomists, plant pathologists, extension officers and students.
- Pricing: free tier; Premium costs US$2.99 per month or US$25 per year (USD only, paid via Flutterwave).
- Content is written to agronomy / plant pathology standards; always follow local pesticide labels and regulations.

## Core pages
- [Home](https://plantwatchai.uk/): AI plant disease scanner, how it works, pricing and community.
- [Disease library](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases): 8 plant diseases with symptoms, causes, treatment and prevention.
- [Treatment guides](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments): 7 step-by-step treatment programs.
- [Plant library](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants): 16 crops with growing conditions and disease risks.
- [Blog](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog): educational articles on plant health.
- [Study hub](https://plantwatchai.uk/study): 20 exam-prep topics with model answers.
- [About](https://plantwatchai.uk/about)
- [Full content for AI](https://plantwatchai.uk/llms-full.txt): complete text of every guide.

## Plant diseases
- [Late Blight](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/late-blight): Fungal disease (Phytophthora infestans) of Tomato, Potato.
- [Powdery Mildew](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/powdery-mildew): Fungal disease (Erysiphales spp.) of Cucurbits, Grape, Rose, Wheat.
- [Leaf Spot](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/leaf-spot): Fungal disease (Septoria, Cercospora, Alternaria spp.) of Tomato, Bean, Maize, Ornamentals.
- [Rust Disease](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/rust-disease): Fungal disease (Puccinia, Uromyces spp.) of Wheat, Bean, Coffee, Roses.
- [Bacterial Wilt](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/bacterial-wilt): Bacterial disease (Ralstonia solanacearum / Erwinia tracheiphila) of Tomato, Potato, Banana, Cucurbits.
- [Mosaic Virus](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/mosaic-virus): Viral disease (TMV, CMV, ZYMV) of Tomato, Pepper, Tobacco, Cucurbits.
- [Nitrogen Deficiency](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/nitrogen-deficiency): Abiotic disease (Abiotic — nutrient stress) of All crops.
- [Aphid Infestation](https://plantwatchai.uk/diseases/aphid-infestation): Pest disease (Aphidoidea) of Vegetables, Fruit trees, Ornamentals.

## Treatments
- [Preventive Fungicide Program](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/fungicide-program): A rotating schedule of protectant contact fungicides for foliar diseases on vegetables, fruit and ornamentals.
- [Systemic Fungicide Rotation](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/systemic-fungicide-rotation): Systemic triazoles and strobilurins for curative action against rust and powdery mildew.
- [Organic Foliar Spray](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/organic-foliar-spray): Low-toxicity foliar sprays for home gardens and organic-certified farms.
- [Sanitation & Quarantine](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/sanitation-and-quarantine): Cultural control that stops soil-borne bacterial and viral pathogens from spreading.
- [Insect Vector Control](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/vector-control): Reduces aphid and whitefly populations that transmit plant viruses.
- [NPK Fertilization Plan](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/npk-fertilization-plan): Balanced macronutrient program based on soil test results.
- [Integrated Pest Management (IPM)](https://plantwatchai.uk/treatments/integrated-pest-management): A layered strategy combining scouting, cultural, biological and chemical tactics.

## Plants
- [Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/tomato): The most disease-prone crop most growers ever plant. Tomato hosts fungal, bacterial, viral and nutritional disorders at once, which is why accurate identification matters more here than anywhere else.
- [Maize / Corn (Zea mays)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/maize): Africa's staple cereal and the crop where nitrogen management decides yield. Most 'disease' calls on maize turn out to be nutrient stress or fall armyworm damage rather than a pathogen.
- [Cassava (Manihot esculenta)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/cassava): The food-security backbone of West and Central Africa. Cassava's biggest threat is viral — cassava mosaic disease spreads through cuttings, so the single highest-value intervention is clean planting material.
- [Rice (Oryza sativa)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/rice): Half the world eats rice daily. Blast and bacterial leaf blight are the two diseases that move fastest under the humid, dense canopies that irrigated rice creates.
- [Wheat (Triticum aestivum)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/wheat): The rust crop. Stem, leaf and stripe rusts evolve into new races faster than breeders can release varieties, which makes weekly scouting during stem elongation non-negotiable.
- [Potato (Solanum tuberosum)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/potato): Late blight's original host. A potato crop can go from first lesion to total loss in ten days, so protectant spraying starts before symptoms appear, not after.
- [Banana & Plantain (Musa spp.)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/banana): Black Sigatoka and Fusarium wilt (Panama disease) are the two threats that decide whether a plantation survives a decade. Both are managed through sanitation and variety choice long before any spray.
- [Coffee (Coffea arabica / canephora)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/coffee): Coffee leaf rust (Hemileia vastatrix) has reshaped entire national economies. Copper-based preventive programmes through the rains, plus rust-tolerant varieties, remain the core defence.
- [Cocoa (Theobroma cacao)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/cocoa): Ghana and Côte d'Ivoire grow most of the world's cocoa, and black pod disease takes a fifth of it every year. Weekly pod removal during the rains is worth more than any single spray.
- [Pepper & Chilli (Capsicum annuum)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/pepper): High-value, high-risk. Pepper is hit hardest by anthracnose in the rains and by aphid-borne viruses in the dry season, so the calendar decides which enemy you are managing.
- [Groundnut / Peanut (Arachis hypogaea)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/groundnut): A nitrogen-fixing legume that rarely needs nitrogen fertiliser but is highly vulnerable to early and late leaf spot, which can strip a crop of 50% of its yield without ever killing a plant.
- [Soybean (Glycine max)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/soybean): Asian soybean rust is the fastest-moving foliar disease in modern row-crop agriculture, and the reason strict fungicide-group rotation exists as a legal requirement in several producing countries.
- [Yam (Dioscorea spp.)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/yam): Nigeria produces most of the world's yam. Anthracnose on the vine and rot in storage are the two losses that matter, and both start with the quality of the seed tuber.
- [Citrus (Citrus sinensis)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/citrus): Citrus greening (HLB) and canker are notifiable in many countries because they are untreatable once established — this is a crop where vector control and clean nursery stock are the entire disease programme.
- [Mango (Mangifera indica)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/mango): Anthracnose and powdery mildew at flowering decide the entire mango crop. A protectant programme timed to panicle emergence is worth more than any post-harvest intervention.
- [Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor)](https://plantwatchai.uk/plants/sorghum): The dryland cereal of the Sahel and northern Nigeria. Sorghum shrugs off drought but not anthracnose, and Striga (witchweed) parasitism is routinely misdiagnosed as a nutrient problem.

## Articles
- [How to Identify Plant Diseases in the Field: A Practical Guide for Farmers and Students](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/identifying-plant-diseases-field-guide): A step-by-step field guide to identifying fungal, bacterial, viral and abiotic plant diseases from leaf symptoms — with a diagnostic checklist any farmer, student or agronomist can use.
- [Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Explained: A Sustainable Framework for Modern Farms](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/integrated-pest-management-explained): Learn how integrated pest management combines scouting, biological control, cultural practices and targeted chemicals to protect yield while reducing pesticide use and resistance risk.
- [Organic Plant Disease Treatments That Actually Work (and Which Don't)](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/organic-treatments-that-actually-work): An evidence-based review of neem oil, copper, potassium bicarbonate, Bacillus subtilis, milk sprays and other organic remedies — what the research shows about each and how to use them.
- [Reading a Soil Test: A Farmer's Guide to NPK, pH and Micronutrients](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/reading-a-soil-test-npk): How to interpret a soil test report, translate ppm into kg/ha fertilizer recommendations, and diagnose common deficiencies before they cost yield.
- [Preventing Late Blight in Tomato and Potato: A Season-Long Playbook](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/preventing-late-blight-tomato-potato): A month-by-month prevention plan for Phytophthora infestans — cultivar choice, spacing, irrigation timing, scouting and a preventive fungicide schedule that keeps late blight out of your field.
- [Common Tomato Leaf Diseases and How AI Tells Them Apart](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/common-tomato-leaf-diseases-ai-detection): A visual, symptom-by-symptom comparison of the tomato leaf diseases growers confuse most often — early blight, late blight, septoria leaf spot, bacterial spot and leaf mold — and how an AI scanner tells them apart in seconds.
- [PlantWatch AI vs Plant Doctor vs PlantNet: Which Plant Health App Is Right for You?](https://plantwatchai.uk/blog/plantwatch-ai-vs-plant-doctor-vs-plantnet): An honest, feature-by-feature comparison of PlantWatch AI, Plant Doctor and PlantNet — what each app is actually built for, and which one to reach for depending on whether you're identifying a species or diagnosing a disease.

## Study topics
- [Plant Cell Structure and Function](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-cell-structure): Learn the structure of the plant cell — cell wall, chloroplast, vacuole, nucleus and plasma membrane — with a labelled diagram, definitions and exam questions with answers.
- [Photosynthesis: Process, Equation and Limiting Factors](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/photosynthesis): Master photosynthesis for exams: the balanced equation, light and dark reactions, limiting factors, and the classic experiments — with diagrams and model answers.
- [Leaf Structure, Stomata and Transpiration](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/leaf-structure-and-transpiration): Leaf internal structure, guard cells and stomata, the transpiration stream and the factors affecting transpiration rate — with labelled diagrams and exam answers.
- [Plant Nutrition, NPK and Soil Fertility](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-nutrition-and-soil-fertility): Macronutrients and micronutrients, deficiency symptoms, soil pH, fertiliser types and calculation of application rates — the core agricultural science nutrition syllabus.
- [Plant Pathology Basics: Pathogens, Disease Triangle and Koch's Postulates](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-pathology-basics): The foundation of plant pathology: classes of pathogen, the disease triangle, the disease cycle, Koch's postulates and symptoms versus signs — with worked exam answers.
- [Plant Disease Control and Integrated Pest Management (IPM)](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/disease-control-and-ipm): Cultural, biological, chemical, physical and legislative control of plant disease, the IPM pyramid, fungicide modes of action and resistance management — exam-ready.
- [Plant Reproduction, Flower Structure and Pollination](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-reproduction-and-pollination): Flower parts and their functions, self- versus cross-pollination, adaptations of wind- and insect-pollinated flowers, fertilisation and seed dispersal — with labelled diagram.
- [Genetics, Mendel's Laws and Crop Improvement](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/genetics-and-crop-improvement): Mendel's laws, monohybrid and dihybrid crosses with Punnett squares, and how breeders use selection, hybridisation and disease resistance to improve crops.
- [Seed Structure, Germination and Plant Growth](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/seed-germination-and-growth): Seed structure, conditions and types of germination, growth regions and plant hormones — with diagrams, definitions and worked exam questions.
- [Transport in Plants: Xylem, Phloem and Translocation](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/transport-in-plants): Understand transport in plants for exams: xylem vs phloem, the transpiration stream, root pressure, cohesion-tension and translocation of sugars — with a labelled diagram and model answers.
- [Plant Hormones and Tropisms: Auxins, Gibberellins and Responses](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-hormones-and-tropisms): Revise plant hormones and tropic responses: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene and abscisic acid, phototropism and geotropism — with a diagram, definitions and exam answers.
- [Respiration in Plants: Aerobic, Anaerobic and Gaseous Exchange](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/respiration-in-plants): Learn plant respiration for exams: aerobic and anaerobic equations, the difference between respiration and photosynthesis, compensation point and gaseous exchange — with diagram and model answers.
- [Soil Science: Soil Profile, Types, pH and Conservation](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/soil-science-and-conservation): Complete soil science revision: the soil profile and its horizons, sandy, loamy and clayey soils, soil pH and liming, erosion types and conservation practices — with diagram and exam answers.
- [The Nitrogen Cycle, Legumes and Biological Nitrogen Fixation](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/nitrogen-cycle-and-legumes): Study the nitrogen cycle for exams: fixation, nitrification, denitrification, ammonification, Rhizobium root nodules and the value of legumes in crop rotation — with a labelled cycle diagram.
- [Weed Control and Crop Husbandry Practices](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/weed-control-and-crop-husbandry): Revise weeds and crop husbandry: what weeds are, how they reduce yield, cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical control, herbicide types, plus spacing, thinning, staking and rotation.
- [Cell Division in Plants: Mitosis and Meiosis](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/cell-division-mitosis-meiosis): Revise mitosis and meiosis in plants: stages, differences, where each occurs (meristems vs anthers and ovules), and why meiosis creates genetic variation.
- [Plant Classification and Taxonomy](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/plant-classification-and-taxonomy): Learn plant classification: the taxonomic hierarchy, binomial nomenclature, and the major plant groups — bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms — with examples.
- [Monocots vs Dicots: Root, Stem and Leaf Structure](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/monocots-and-dicots-root-and-stem): Compare monocotyledons and dicotyledons: seed, root system, vascular bundle arrangement in stems and roots, leaf venation and flower parts, with crop examples.
- [Fruits and Seed Dispersal](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/fruits-and-seed-dispersal): Revise fruit types (fleshy and dry, dehiscent and indehiscent) and the agents of seed dispersal — wind, water, animals and explosive mechanisms — with adaptations and examples.
- [Irrigation and Drainage in Crop Production](https://plantwatchai.uk/study/irrigation-and-drainage): Revise irrigation and drainage: surface, sprinkler and drip irrigation, advantages and problems such as salinisation and waterlogging, and surface and subsurface drainage methods.